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Ammonia supply chains between the EU and the Middle East
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Two developments this week as progress continues towards clean ammonia supply chains between the EU and the Middle East:

1. ADNOC signed multiple agreements with a diverse set of German organisations to study, implement and accelerate clean hydrogen supply chains between Germany and the UAE. Among the agreements is the execution of a blue ammonia “demonstration cargo” shipment from the UAE to Germany this year, via Fertiglobe’s Fertil plant in al Ruwais, UAE.

2. The UAE Ministry of Energy and Infrastructure and the Dutch Ministry for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation signed a new MoU on hydrogen energy, with a view to supplying Europe via green hydrogen & ammonia imports into the Port of Rotterdam.

First-movers working towards renewable ammonia
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Three key first-movers at Ammonia Energy - NEOM, Yara and Fertiberia - have all made significant steps towards green ammonia production in recent times. With the launch of a new subsidiary to develop hydrogen & ammonia production, NEOM can possibly begin construction of its green hydrogen plant this month. Also this week, Yara held a groundbreaking ceremony at Heroya, with the intention to bring green ammonia and fertilisers to market by mid-2023. And a few months ago in December, green hydrogen storage tanks arrived at Fertiberia’s Puertollano ammonia plant, ready for installation.

Green ammonia from Kooragang Island
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Orica and Origin Energy will collaborate on feasibility work and development of the Hunter Valley Hydrogen Hub in Newcastle, Australia. A grid-connected, 55 MW electrolyser will produce green hydrogen from recycled water, with hydrogen to be fed into Orica’s existing ammonia production plant on Kooragang Island. Grid-connected hydrogen production facilities in Newcastle stand to gain access to surplus amounts of renewable electricity in the coming years, with huge commercial investment interest in the under-development Hunter-Central Coast Renewable Energy Zone.

Accelerating green ammonia import plans for Germany
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RWE is accelerating plans for a green ammonia import terminal in Brunsbüttel, with facilities to be ready to receive 300,000 tonnes per year as early as 2026. Although the immediate focus for Brunsbüttel is a new LNG import facility, RWE indicates that the ultimate goal is complete conversion of the site to only import “green molecules” like ammonia. Brunsbüttel has already been identified as a likely destination for green ammonia exports from South Australia. And, an ongoing feasibility study by the Australian-German HySupply consortium has released interim results suggesting that shipping costs for Australian ammonia to the EU will be much lower than first thought.

Denmark approves national PtX strategy
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Denmark’s new national PtX strategy has received bipartisan support from the country’s parliament. A number of policy levers - a government-backed tender process, a national electrolysis target, creating new regulatory frameworks and incentivising developers to build socially and economically responsible PtX projects - were approved. The suite of measures will unlock green fuel production potential across the country, with ammonia forecast to be the cheapest long-term option amongst the hydrogen derivatives.

Maersk secures its first complete e-fuel supply chain
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A.P. Moller - Maersk has entered into strategic partnerships with six organisations to secure the supply of at least 730,000 tonnes per year of green methanol fuel by 2025, which will fuel their future fleet of twelve methanol-fueled container ships. The announcement demonstrates a path forward for ramping up supply of alternative maritime fuels (including ammonia) by having a shipowner commit to complete off-take from a wide variety of partners & production projects, each of which is dramatically scaling-up output levels this decade.

World-scale green ammonia production in Egypt
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Scatec will partner with a series of Egyptian government entities to develop a green ammonia plant in Ain Sokhna, adjacent to the Suez Canal. The project partners have already indicated that the one million per year facility could be expanded in the future to a production capacity of three million tonnes of green ammonia. Growing green ammonia markets in European & Asia are being targeted as export destinations.

Scatec joins ACME’s Oman green ammonia project
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Scatec will enter into a 50:50 joint venture with ACME to design, develop, build, own and operate a planned large-scale, green ammonia facility in the Duqm Special Economic Zone of Oman. At full capacity the facility will produce 1.2 million tonnes of green ammonia per year, and the partners aspire to be “one of the first” commercial green ammonia facilities operating in the world. Advanced discussions for long-term off-take are already in progress. The project was launched last March by ACME and Oman government authority Tatweer, and added KBR as technology partner last October.

Hydrogen City & green ammonia from the Port of Corpus Christi
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Green Hydrogen International will lead development of the world’s largest green hydrogen production & storage hub in Duval County, Texas. Hydrogen City features 60 GW of solar & wind energy generation, which will power production of 2.5 million tonnes of green hydrogen. Salt cavern storage and ammonia production are among the target end-uses, with green ammonia to be exported to international markets from the Port of Corpus Christi. A similar, GW-scale project is already under development in Corpus Christi: the Gulf Coast green fuels hub.

Next Level Solid Oxide Electrolysis
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A high-powered consortium of academic & industry partners - VoltaChem, TNO, ISPT, Air Liquide, BP, and OCI - will explore the upscaling potential of solid oxide electrolysis (SOEC) to an industrial scale. One of the industrial applications to be investigated is the use of SOEC technology for hydrogen production at an ammonia plant. The study aims to present a viable roadmap forward for an SOEC demonstration integrated into an existing petrochemical facility.